Preparation of ointment slideshare. * Desirability of topical or percutaneous drug absorption.
Preparation of ointment slideshare. It begins by defining a pharmaceutical powder as a solid dosage form containing finely divided drugs or chemicals meant for internal or external use. Selection of the base to use in the formulation of an ointment depends on careful assessment of a number of factors, including the following: * Desired release rate of the drug from the ointment base. Selection of the Appropriate Base • Selection of the base to use in the formulation of an ointment depends on careful assessment of a number of factors, including the following: • Desired release rate of the drug substance from the ointment base • Desirability of topical or percutaneous drug absorption • Stability of the drug in the ointment base • Effect, if any, of the drug on Jun 6, 2019 · 4. Wet or “weeping” skin lesions, such as eczema or poison ivy, are best treated with a cream (or gel). Mar 26, 2017 · 24. The drug must be non toxic to both ocular and systemic tissues. e. Soluble solids: should be added to May 19, 2021 · 2. It is incorporated with the other ointment bases for the preparation containing water or aqueous liquids. Aug 27, 2020 · 1. They may be applied to the skin, placed onto the surface of the eye, or used nasally, vaginally or rectally. Ointments are best when treating dry skin Dec 18, 2023 · The ointment base is that substance or part of an ointment preparation which serves as carrier or vehicle for the medicament. Aug 17, 2018 · Chemical reaction method Preparation of some ointment involves chemical reactions Eg – (a)Iodine ointment (iodine free form) (b)Iodine ointment (iodine combined form with ointment base) (a)Ointments containing free iodine Iodine is slightly soluble in fats and vegetable oils. Levigation is the process of incorporating solid ingredients into ointments and suspensions to produce fine and uniform particles. They consist of a drug substance combined with bases and adjuvants. In addition to the usual labeling requirements for pharmaceutical products, the USP Sep 30, 2011 · Formulation of Eye OintmentsThe ointment based for an eye-ointment must be no-irritating to the eye. cold cream type, hydrous lanoline, rose water ointment etc. More difficult to handle but many drugs which are incorporated into creams are hydrophobic and will be released more readily from a W/O cream than an O/W cream. Feb 4, 2017 · Cream - Download as a PDF or view online for free. For the preparation of eye-ointment the following base is used:- Yellow soft paraffin 80g Dec 14, 2023 · Wool fat (anhydrous Lanolin): It is a fat like substance obtained from wool of sheep. . Alternatively, if using a pre-prepared base, soluble and insoluble solids may be incorporated using the method employed for insoluble solids. , Plastibase) •Carbomer Gels Aqueous dispersion neutralized with sodium hydroxide or triethanolamine •Methylcellulose Gels •Starch Glycerite •Aluminum Feb 28, 2018 · 10. The water-immiscible components such as the oil and waxes are melted together in a steam bath to about 70-75 °C, and an aqueous solution of the heat-stable water soluble components is prepared and heated to Ointment preparation: Prepare the ointment as follows: All components of the base are uniform, meaning there are no lumps of high melting point constituents, liquids do not separate, and insoluble powders are evenly dispersed throughout. * Desirability of occlusion of moisture from the skin. The eye ointment base should melt near to the body temperature, so as to permit the diffusion of the drug through the lachrymal secretions of the eye. INTRODUCTION Ophthalmic formulations are sterile products meant for instillation into the eye in the space between the eyelids and the eyeballs. These are used for emollient and protective purposes. Basavaraj K. it will help you make the concepts clear about ophthalmic drug deliveries. Approximately equal proportions, i. Preparation of ointment: Ointments are soft and semi-solid preparations meant for external application to the skin (or) mucous membrane. How sulphur acts in scabies? Nov 3, 2016 · (1) incorporation -The components of the ointment are mixed together by various means until a uniform preparation has been attained. - On a small scale, the pharmacist may mix the components of an ointment in a mortar with a pestle, or a spatula and an ointment slab may be used to rub the ingredients together. Introduction Ointments are homogeneous, semi-solid preparations intended for external application to the skin or mucous membranes. Although it is insoluble in water, but can absorb about 50% of its weight of water. 3. Packaging, storage, and labeling In large-mouth ointment jars or in metal or plastic tubes; In well-closed containers to protect against contamination and in a cool place to protect against product separation due to heat; When required light sensitive preparations are packaged or light resistant containers. They are used as emollients or for the application of active ingredients to the skin for protective, therapeutic, or prophylactic purposes and where a degree of occlusion is desired. Example: Capsaicin, Tazorac, Nystatin etc. Semisolid Dosage Forms 软膏剂 Ointments 凝胶剂 Gels 霜剂 Creams. Oct 23, 2016 · Methods for preparing ointments by incorporation and fusion are also outlined. 5. • Avoid of risk. 5 Topical preparations are used for both local and systemic effects. e. The eye ointment base should melt near to the body temperature, so as to permit the diffusion of the drug through the lachrymal secretions of the eye. Ointments can be classified based on their therapeutic properties and penetration, or based on their therapeutic uses such as antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, etc. It is also a constituent of simple ointment base and eye ointment base. Oleaginous bases 2. ADVANTAGES • Avoidance of first pass metabolism. QUESTIONS U MAY BE ASKED? 1. Nov 6, 2019 · The ointment based for an eye-ointment must be no-irritating to the eye. MANUFACTURING OF OINTMENT Fusion Method A fusion process is done only when the components are stable at fusion temperatures. • Inconveniences of intravenous therapy and of the varied conditions of absorption like Ph changes presence of enzymes gastric emptying time etc. • Achievement of efficacy with lower total daily dosage of drug by continuous drug input. THE INCORPORATION OF INGREDIENTS INTO A CREAM BASE The incorporation of solids into a cream base: If the cream base has been prepared from first principle the solid can be incorporated into the cream as it cools. It is a viscous semisolid preparation used topically on a variety of body Oct 3, 2018 · OINTMENTS Ointments are homogenous, translucent, viscous, semi-solid preparation intended for external application to skin or mucous membranes. * Desirability of topical or percutaneous drug absorption. This lecture discusses pharmaceutical powders. Mar 16, 2024 · Key topics covered include the definition of ointments as semisolid medicated preparations for external application; the main types of ointment bases; advantages such as ease of application and prolonged drug contact; and preparation methods involving mixing, milling, and filling containers. How to apply this ointment? 5. • They have the same properties as the absorption bases. Criteria for Selection of a Drug for Ophthalmic Use: The drug must be bio-chemically and pharmacologically potent. eye drops and eye ointment & the evaluation tests. Sep 7, 2015 · Topical preparation Dr. What have u prepared? 2. beginning from anatomy and physiology of eye with drug absorption mechanism including all factors to formulation considerations and evaluation of the products i. Eg: Compound benzoic acid ointment, calamine Dec 13, 2018 · • These are used to form oil in water emulsion for topical applications. Pharm. Incorporation method: The components of the ointment are mixed together by various means until a uniform preparation has been attained. Mar 14, 2023 · 4. Ointment may be medicated or not. Oct 12, 2019 · Here are some guidelines for deciding when to use an ointment and when to use a cream: Creams are best when covering large areas of the skin or to avoid the greasiness associated with an ointment. What is an ointment? -It is a soft or semisolid preparation containing medicinal ingredients in a suitable basis for external application. , Ph. Viscous, essentially it is a greasy. An ideal ointment base should be inert, stable, smooth, compatible with the skin, non-irritating and should release the incorporated medicaments readily. An emulsion of oil and water. 50 % oil and 50 % water Thicker than lotion, but thinner than ointment. What are the uses of this ointment? scabies, seborrheic dermatitis and acne. 4. • They are used as emollients, cleansing creams, vehicle for solid, liquid drugs. Gel Composition •Gelling agent •Water •Cosolvents •Preservatives •Stabilizers Kinds of Gels •Hydrogels Silica, bentonite, pectin, sodium alginate, methylcellulose, alumina •Organic Gels Contain an organic liquid (e. They usually contain a medicament, dissolved, suspended (or) emulsified in an ointment base. Classification of ointment bases: 1. Ointments, creams and gels are semisolid dosage forms intended for topical application. May 29, 2015 · Cream A cream is Used for external application A homogeneous, semi-solid preparation. In the preparation of ointments having an emulsion base, the method of manufacture involves both a melting and an emulsification process. A • Convenient and easy to apply. On a small scale, the pharmacist may mix the components of an ointment in a mortar with a pestle, or a spatula and an ointment slab may be used to rub the ingredients together. Nov 4, 2018 · Ointments are semisolid preparations meant for external application to the skin or mucous membranes. They are immiscible,miscible or emulsifiable with the 7/16/2022 2 There are four general classes of ointments: Hydrocarbon bases (oleaginous ointment bases) which keep medications in contact with Mar 15, 2014 · 14. Readily soluble is potassium iodide solution in water due to Feb 7, 2024 · Sulfur ointment is prepared by levigating precipitated sulfur with mineral oil and white ointment to produce a final product that is free from grittiness. water-in-oil (W/O) creams which are composed of small droplets of water dispersed in a continuous oily phase. g. NanjwadeM. D Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy Omer Al-Mukhtar University Tobruk, Libya. May 9, 2024 · An ointment has medicated ingredients which serve a protective, therapeutic, or prophylactic purpose when applied on the skin or mucous membranes . More moisturizing as they provide an oily barrier which reduces water Oct 9, 2021 · 9. E-mail: nanjwadebk@gmail. com 2014/05/25 1 Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya Nov 9, 2021 · Ophthalmic Preparations Pharmaceutics - Eye ointment, Eye Suspension, Eye Lotions, Eye Drops and Contact Lens, Drug Delivery routes, Sterilization of preparations, Sterility Testing, Packaging of preparation, factors affecting Bioavailability, Eye Disorders, Multiple choice question for GPAT/NIPER Read less Apr 28, 2017 · it is a complete overview on ophthalmic dosage form. USES Emollient, Application for active ingredients to the skin, Occulsive May 30, 2015 · Incorporation Method MANUFACTURING OF OINTMENT In this method the components are mixed until a uniform preparation is attained, a stainless steel ointment spatula is used for this method 20. For the preparation of eye-ointment the following base is used:- Yellow soft paraffin Liquid 80g Paraffin 10g Wool fat 10g Jan 25, 2023 · OPTHALMIC PREPARATION LABELLING The label for ophthalmic products should include: 1) The product name, 2) The name(s) of active ingredient(s) and their concentration, 3) The name(s) and concentration(s) of antimicrobial agent(s) and/or antioxidant(s) added, 4) The amount or volume of preparation in the container, 5) The batch (lot) number as Feb 14, 2018 · 28. The drug must be sufficiently stable that neither significant loss in Jun 28, 2023 · Ointment.